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John J. Bimson
Redating the Exodus and Conquest, 2nd edn.


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Sheffield: The Almond Press, 1981. Pbk. ISBN: 0907459048. pp.288.

© 1978, 1981 John J. Bimson. Reproduced by permission.

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Redating the Exodus and Conquest - John J. Bimson

Table of Contents

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION
0.1 The question of Historicity
0.2 The Importance of the Question of Date
0.3 A Brief History of the Popular Theories
0.4 A Critique of Some Two Phase Theories
0.5 Handling the Traditions
0.6 The Approach to be Taken

PART ONE

A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY DATING OF THE EXODUS
CHAPTER ONE: THE TWO MAIN PILLARS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY DATE
1.1 Pithom and Raamses: the Argument from Exodus 1:11
1.1.l Raamses
1.1.2 Pithom
1.2 Archaeological Evidence for a Conquest
Towards the End of the Thirteenth Century BC
1.2.l The Anomaly of Jericho and Other Cities
1.2.2 Alternative Explanations for the 13th Century
Destructions
1.2.3 The Subjective Identification of "Israelite" Culture
1.2.4 Conclusion

CHAPTER TWO: OTHER ARGUMENTS USED TO SUPPORT THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY DATE
2.1 The Archaeology of Transjordan
2.2 The Military Campaigns of Seti I and Rameses II

CHAPTER THREE: THE IMPLICATION OF THE OLD TESTAMENT'S CHRONOLOGICAL MATERIAL
3.1 The Statement Contained in I Kings 6:1

3.2 Material in the Book of Judges
3.2.1 The Result of Totalling the Periods
3.2.2 The Material in the Book of Judges and the 480 Years of I Kings 6:1
3.2.3 The Extent to which the Judges Period may be Compressed
3.2.4 The Chronology from Jephthah to David's Accession
3.2.5 The Chronology of the Earlier Part of the Judges Period
3.2.6 Conclusion

PART TWO
PALESTINIAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE EARLY DATE FOR THE EXODUS
CHAPTER FOUR: JERICHO 106
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Problem of Jericho
4.2.1 Kenyon's Revisions of the Views of Garstang
4.2.2 Kenyon's Conclusions and the Exodus
4.2.3 A Search for an Explanation
4.3 The Proposed Solution
4.3.l An Alternative View: Joshua and the End of MBA Jericho
4.3.2 Jericho and the Expulsion of the Hyksos
4.3.3 The Argument from Pottery
4.3.4 A New Working Hypothesis

CHAPTER FIVE: AN EXCURSUS: BICHROME WARE AND CERAMIC CHRONOLOGY 137
5.l Introduction
5.2 The Dating of MB II B-C
5.3 Bichrome Ware and the MBA Destructions
5.4 Megiddo
5.5 The "Hurrian Migration" and the Appearance of Bichrome Ware
5.6 The Problem of Circular Arguments
5.7 Previous Redatings of the Appearance of Bichrome Ware
5.8 The Length of LB I and the Use of Bichrome Ware
5.9 The Surrounding Regions: Egypt

5.10 Cyprus
5.11 Syria
5.12 Tell el-CAjjul
5.13 Conclusion: the Problem of Methodology

CHAPTER·SIX: HAZOR
6 .1 Introduction
6.2 Excavations at Hazor: Garstang and Yadin
6.3 A Short Survey of MBA and LBA Hazor
6.4 Wood and Waltke on Hazor
6.5 A 15th Century Date for the End of MBA Hazor
6.6 The Problem of Judges 4-5

CHAPTER SEVEN: OTHER CONQUEST TRADITIONS AND THE END OF THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE
7 .1 More Problem-Cities for a Thirteenth Century Conquest
7 .1.1 Hebron
7.1.2 Hormah
7.1.3 Arad
7 .1.4 Gibeon
7.1.5 Dan
7 .2 Other Cities Destroyed at the End of the Middle Bronze Age
7 .3 The Problem-City of Ai
7 .4 The Problem of Shechem

CHAPTER EIGHT: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

APPENDICES
1. The Amarna Letters and the Habiru
2. The Exodus in Egyptian History

NOTES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDICES
1. Index of Authors
2. Index of Names and Subjects
3. Index of Biblical Passages

MAPS AND CHARTS
Map of Egypt's East Delta
Suggested Chronology of the Judges Period
Map of Palestinian Archaeology
Table of Identifications
Chronological Chart of Hazor
Chronological Table of the Second Millennium BC

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